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How and to what effect does Mahfouz employ stream of consciousness narration in the novel? The novel the ‘Thief and the dogs’ by Naguib Mahfouz was the first ever Arabic novel to use a stream of consciousness. But first what is a stream of consciousness? It is an individuals thoughts and reactions to specific events flowing a continuing flow. Said Mahran, the protagonist within the novel is further characterized in developed through the use of stream of consciousness working along side literary elements, such as language, imagery etc. Throughout the novel we can see many examples of the stream of consciousness of Said being presented. In chapter 11, Said goes to Tarzan’s cafe and is involved in a conversation with both Tarzan and a smuggler discussing the people who look up to him and admire his actions. While they are talking the waiter interrupts saying "But what harm is there in stealing from the rich anyway?”. This is where the use of stream of consciousness is revea